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Encumbrance

Audience: both

Any charge, lien, mortgage, or claim on a property.

An Encumbrance is any legal charge or claim on a property: mortgages, court orders, tax liens, easements, or third-party claims. In Odisha the encumbrance certificate lists the documents registered with the Sub-Registrar for the land over the period searched (Form No. 26); a Nil certificate (Form No. 25) means the search found none. Neither rules out unregistered charges, court-ordered restraints, or oral mortgages.