Odisha land record glossary

The words that appear on a Record of Rights, an encumbrance certificate and a sale deed, in plain English and Odia.

49 pages.

• Adverse Possession — Legal doctrine vesting title in long-term hostile possessors.
• Bagayat — Kissam classification for orchard / horticulture land in Odisha records.
• Benchmark Value — The state-set minimum value used to compute stamp duty and registration fees. The actual transaction price cannot be lower for registration.
• Bhu Naksha — Odisha's digital cadastral map system. Lets users view a plot's shape and boundaries on a map for free.
• Bhulekh — Odisha government's online land records portal hosted at bhulekh.ori.nic.in. Lets anyone look up the Record of Rights for a plot.
• Certified Copy (CC) — An official copy of a registered deed issued by the SRO. Used in due diligence when the original sale deed is unavailable.
• Chain of Title — The unbroken sequence of registered transfers from the earliest known owner to the current holder. A break anywhere kills marketable title.
• Easement — Right enjoyed by one parcel over an adjacent parcel.
• Encroachment — Unauthorised occupation of land beyond legal boundaries.
• Encumbrance — Any charge, lien, mortgage, or claim on a property.
• Encumbrance Certificate (EC) — A government-issued document listing all registered transactions on a property over a chosen period. Critical for buyers to verify the property is free of mortg
• Form 15 — The Odisha Encumbrance Certificate format that lists every registered transaction on a property within the searched period.
• Form 25 — The Odisha NIL Encumbrance Certificate format issued when no registered transactions are found in the searched period.
• Free Hold — Absolute title with no time limit and no annual land revenue.
• Gharabari — Kissam classification for residential homestead land in Odisha records.
• Gift Deed — A registered instrument transferring property without consideration. Appears as an EC entry and shifts ROR ownership after mutation.
• Hal Khata — The post-settlement (current) khata number for a plot. Always to be cross-checked against the Sabak khata for chain continuity.
• Halqa — Smallest revenue unit, a cluster of villages under one Revenue Inspector.
• IGR Odisha — The Inspector General of Registration, Odisha. Owns the registration system and the EC issuing portal at igrodisha.gov.in.
• Inheritance Mutation — Mutation order recording transfer of ownership by death/succession.
• Jamabandi — Annual record of rights compiled by the village patwari.
• Khasra — Plot register listing each plot with area, owner, and Kissam.
• Khata Number — The owner-level account number that groups all plots held by one party in a village. Different from plot number.
• Khatiyan — A consolidated land record per owner: every plot the owner holds within a village, listed under one khata number. Issued by revenue authorities.
• Kissam — The Odisha land-use classification recorded on every ROR. Includes Gharabari (homestead), Sarad (paddy land), Bagayat (orchard) and others.
• Lease Hold — Limited-duration title held under a lease from the state or another owner.
• Lis Pendens — Notice of pending litigation affecting title to property.
• Mortgage Deed — A registered instrument creating a mortgage interest on a property. Appears in EC searches and must be discharged before a clean sale.
• Mutation — The legal transfer of ownership in revenue records after a property changes hands. Without mutation the new owner is not the recorded titleholder.
• NOC (No Objection Certificate) — Document certifying no objection to a proposed transfer or use.
• Partition Deed — A registered instrument dividing jointly-held property among co-owners. Common after inheritance situations in Odisha families.
• Patta — Government title document confirming land allotment.
• Plot Number — The cadastral identifier for a piece of land in Odisha records. Verified against ROR, sale deed schedule and Bhu Naksha map.
• Power of Attorney — Legal instrument authorising another to act on the owner's behalf.
• Probate — Court certification of a will
• Record of Rights (ROR) — The primary land ownership document in Odisha listing owner name, plot number, area, classification (kissam) and tenancy status. Issued by the Tahasildar.
• Release Deed — The registered instrument releasing a mortgage. Discharged mortgages should appear with a corresponding release entry in the EC.
• Restraint Order — Court order prohibiting transfer of property pending litigation.
• Sabak / Hal correspondence — The Odisha-specific mapping between old (Sabak) and current (Hal) khata numbers. Mismatches are a top source of title-chain failures.
• Sabak Khata — The pre-settlement (older) khata number for a plot in Odisha. Frequently appears on legacy documents alongside the current Hal khata.
• Sale Deed — The registered instrument that transfers ownership of immovable property from seller to buyer. The single most important document in any land transaction.
• Sarad — Kissam classification for paddy / wet cultivation land in Odisha records.
• Settlement — Periodic statewide re-survey that updates ROR and plot maps.
• Stamp Duty — A state tax paid at the SRO when a deed is registered. In Odisha the rate depends on deed type, gender and benchmark value.
• Sub-Registrar Office (SRO) — The office that registers sale deeds, mortgage deeds, gift deeds and other property instruments. Each district has multiple SROs.
• Tahasil — Sub-district revenue unit in Odisha. Tahasildar is the revenue authority.
• Tahasildar — The revenue officer in charge of a tahasil. Issues ROR, processes mutation applications and certifies land records in Odisha.
• ULPIN (Bhu-Aadhaar) — Unique Land Parcel Identification Number, a 14-digit ID assigned to every land parcel under DILRMP. Functions like Aadhaar for land.
• Will Mutation — Mutation following a registered or unregistered will.

Find every indexed parcel a person holds in Odisha